Statement by the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission of Korea on the Wildfire Disaster
— Expressing condolences for the victims —
—Dignity and fundamental rights during disaster situations must be protected —
Chairperson Ahn Chang-ho of the National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK) expresses deep condolences over the recent large-scale wildfires that began in Sancheong-gun (Gyeongsangnam-do), Uiseong-gun (Gyeongsangbuk-do), and Ulju-gun (Ulsan), and spread across various parts of the country. We extend our sincere sympathy to the bereaved families and all individuals affected by the disaster.
On March 21, a wildfire broke out in Sancheong-gun (Gyeongsangnam-do), resulting in the deaths of four firefighters during response efforts. On the following day, a wildfire in Uiseong-gun (Gyeongsangbuk-do), fueled by dry weather and strong winds, spread further, leading to at least 24 deaths and displacing tens of thousands. In response, the government declared Sancheong-gun, Hadong-gun, Uiseong-gun, and Ulju-gun as special disaster zones and has mobilized full-scale recovery efforts.
Tragically, this disaster has had a particularly severe impact on socially vulnerable individuals, including older persons with limited mobility. Many affected areas are rural communities surrounded by mountains, where older persons living alone, without regular contact with the outside community, faced critical risks. Communication breakdowns and blocked access routes further hindered evacuations and rescue operations. Additionally, in many rural areas, volunteer firefighters are themselves older persons, posing limitations to effective response and recovery.
The Constitution of the Republic of Korea stipulates the State's duty to protect the dignity and right to life of its people and to prevent disasters and shield the public from related risks. Disasters threaten a wide range of rights, including human dignity, life, privacy, freedom, and reputation. Therefore, the State must uphold its obligation to protect individual rights comprehensively and with vigilance in times of crisis.
In March 2023, the NHRCK issued the Human Rights Guidelines for the Protection of Disaster Victims, stressing that disaster response must be centered on protecting human dignity and fundamental rights, as disasters can seriously undermine life, safety, and the foundation of daily existence.
In line with this, the central and local governments must place human dignity and basic rights at the forefront of wildfire response and recovery. This includes the provision of comprehensive support—such as emergency housing and financial assistance—for those who have lost their homes or workplaces, as well as ensuring proper mental health support for wildfire survivors experiencing trauma. Moreover, as the current situation highlights, it is essential to promptly develop disaster prevention and safety measures tailored to the realities of rural areas, in order to protect vulnerable populations such as isolated older residents and economically disadvantaged individuals.
The NHRCK will closely monitor wildfire response and recovery efforts to ensure that victims are respected and protected as rights-holders. We will continue our efforts to protect and promote the fundamental rights to life and safety for all. Lastly, we express our sincere gratitude to the firefighters and public officials who are working tirelessly on the front lines, and we hope for the swift containment of the wildfires to prevent further loss of life.
March 28, 2025
Ahn Chang-ho
Chairperson, National Human Rights Commission of Korea
